RANAR GHADEER RANAR ISAR DA SAKON MUSULUNCI GABA DAYA MURNAR ZAGAYOWAR EDIL GHADEER 1444H

RANAR GHADEER RANAR ISAR DA SAKON MUSULUNCI GABA DAYA MURNAR ZAGAYOWAR EDIL GHADEER 1444H

Kamar yadda muka sani Manzan Allah ( s.a.w.a) ya rayu shekaru 63 a duniya yana mai isar da sakon addinin Musulunci, ya canza alqibalar halinta daga bautar gumaka da sauransu zuwa bautar Allah Ta’ala shi kadai, sannan a hajin da Manzan Allah yayi wacce itace guda daya da yayi a duniya, kuma a wannan hajin ya koyama al’ummarsa abubuwa da dama da kuma hukunce-hukunce wadanda suka doru akan al’ummarsa, ya kuma isar da sako na karshe a cikin wannan addini na musulnci, ya kuma bayyana sokon wanda da isar da wannan sakon ne musulunci ya cika ta hanyar bayyanawa al,ummarsa wadanda za su ci gaba da jagorantar wannan addini da kuma bayyana shi, kamar yadda yazo a hadisin da Imam Muslim ya fitar a sahihinsa cewa: Manzan Allah ( s,a, w,w) yace: Kalifofi a bayana su goma sha biyu ne dukkanin su quraishawane, kuma yazo a cikin Durrul Mansur, da Ibn Hatam, Da Ibn Mardawayhi, da Ibn asakir, daga Abi Saidil Kudri yace dangane da ayar:

 يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللّهَ لاَ يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ

 Cewa ta sauka ne ga Annabi (s,a,sw,w) a ranar Ghader Khum tana bayani dangane da lamarin Amirul Mu,uminin Aliyu bin Abi Dalib (as), wanda wannan ayar tana cewa: “Ya kai wannan manzon ka isar da sakon da aka saukar maka daga ubangijinka idan fa baka isar da wannan sakon ba tamkar baka isar da sakonsa ba, Allah zai kareka daga mutane domin lallai Allah baya shiryar da mutanan da suka kafirce”. 

 Wanda Manzan Allah ya dauki tsawon shekara 23 yana isar da sakon Allah ga Al,ummarsa, sai Allah yace idan har bai isar da wannan sakon ba to kamar bai isar da sakon Allah bane gaba daya, wanda wannan ya faru ne a ranar ghader khum (18) ga watan Zul Hijjah shekara ta (10) bayan hijirah, Manzan Allah ya tsaya a cikin sahara ya bayyanawa al’ummarsa wadanda zasu jagorancesu a bayansa tunda daga lokacin har izuwa qarshen duniya wanda ya wajaba ga kowa yayi musu biyayya, wanda duk ya bisu shine zai samu tsira wanda ko yaqi binsu to ya halaka wadanda idan aka bisu mutum biyu ba zasu sami sabani ba, ga ruwayar Abu Huraira ke cewa: Ranar Ghader Khum itace (18) ga Zul Hijjah Manzon Allah (s,a,w,w) yace: duk wanda na kasance ni shugabansa ne to Aliyu ma shugabansa ne, ana cikin hakane wannan ayar ta sauka:  

 الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلاَمَ دِيناً فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ فِي مَخْمَصَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِّإِثْمٍ فَإِنَّ اللّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ}

Kamar yadda aka ce a lokacin da ayarin Hajji ya isa yankin Ghadir, sai Jibrilu ya saukar da ayar wa’azi ga Muhammad, kuma ya wakilce shi da ya isar da shugabancin Ali binu Abi Talib. Inda ayari suka tsaya bisa umarnin Manzon Allah SAWA, Bayan sallar Azuhur da La'asar aka shirya wani mumbari, Annabi SAWA ya yi wa'azi yayi huduba mai tsawo An ruwaito nassin hudubar ta hanyoyi uku: Hadisin Imam Muhammad Baqir As, Hadisin Huzaifa Bin Yamani da Hadisin Zaid Bin Arqam.

Abubuwan Da Hudubar Ghadeer Ta Kunsa:

1- Yabo Da Godiya Ga Allah

2- Umurnin Allah game da muhimmin al'amari ( Na Imamanci).

3- Gabatarwar Ali A Matsayin Khalifa Bayan Manzon Allah SAW.

4- Sabunta Hankalin Al'umma Akan Lamarin Imamanci.

5- Bayyana Gazawar Munafukai.

6- Bayyana Mabiya Masoya Ahlul Baiti Da Makiyansu.

7- Kafa Hujja Tsayayya. 

8- Gabatar Da Mubaya'a

9- Bayani Kan Halal Da Haram, Wajibai Da Abubuwan Da Aka Haramta.

10- Gudanar Da Mubaya'a.

Muhimmam Littafa Madogara da Suka Kawo Hudubar Ghadir:

Nassin hudubar Ghadeer yana cikin littafin Rawdatul Waa’izin, da littafin Ihtjaj, da Littafin Alyaqin, da littafin Nuzhatul Kiram, da littafin Iqbal, da Littafin Al-Udadul Qawiyah, da littafin Attahseen, da littafin As- Siradu Mustaqim. da littafin Nahjul Iman.

Kamar yadda yake a ruwayoyi cewa Hadisin Ghadeer manyan maluman Ahlus Sunna ne suka ruwaito daga cikinsu akwai: Tirmizi, Ibn Majah, Ibn Asakir, Abi Naim, Ibn Al-Athir, Al-Khwarizmi, As-Suyuti, Ibn Hajar, Al-Haythami, Ibnus Sabbagh Al-Maliki, Al-Kanduzi Al-Hanafi, Ibn Al-Maghazili, Ibn Katheer, Al-Hamwini, Al-Haskany Al-Ghazali da Al-Bukhari a cikin littafin tarihinsa duka gaba dayansu Sun ruwaito Hadisin Ghadeer, kuma sun fitar da shi a cikin littafansu dogaro da matakansu da mazhabobi daban-daban, tun daga karni na farko bayan hijira zuwa karni na sha hudu, inda adadinsu ya haura malamai dari uku da sittin.

Cikakken bayanin Ruwayoyinsu:

Malaman Ahlus Sunna da dama sun kawo wannan lamari da dukkan bayanansa, za mu yi ishara da wasu hadisai daga littattafansu:

1- Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal a cikin Musnadinsa daga hadisin Zaidu bn Arqam wanda ya ce: Mun sauka tare da Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) a wani kwari da ake kira kwarin Khum, sai ya yi umarni da ayi sallah, ya sallace ta a lokacin rana tana tsakiya, bayan sallar, yayi mana Huduba, sai akaiwa manzon Allah SAWA inuwa da wani mayafi da aka dora shi a kan bishiyar Samar sai ya ce: “Shin ba ku sani ba, ko ba ku shaida cewa ni ne mafi hakki a kan kowane mumini fiye da ransa ba?

Suka ce: Na'am mun sheda da hakan! Sai Ya ce: Duk wanda ni ne shugabansa, to Ali ne shugabansa, Ya Allah! Ka ka jibinci lamarin wanda ya shugabantar da shi, kuma ka ki wanda ya ki shi.” (1).

2 – Imam Nisa’i ya zo a cikin littafin “Al-Khasa’is” daga Zaid bin Arqam ya ce: “Lokacin da Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya dawo daga Hajjin bankwana. ya sauka a Ghadir Khum, sai ya yi umarni da a kafa lemomi (domin yin inuwa), sai aka kafasu, sai yace:” kamar gani ani kirani kuma na amsa kiran lalle ni na bar maku nauyaya guda biyu dayansu yafi dayan girma sune littafin Allah da zuriyyata, iyalan gidana, sai ku duba kuga yadda zaku kasance da su a bayana, dominsu ba za su rabu ba har sai sun zo tafki – a ranar tashin kiyama – sai ya ce: “Allah ne shugabana, kuma ni ne shugaban dukkan mumini, sannan ya ya rike tare da daga hannun Ali yace: dukkan wanda ni ne shugabansa to Ali shine shugabansa ya ka jibinci wanda ya shugabantar da shi ka ki wanda ya ki shi” (2).

3 – Al-Hakim Nisaburi ya fitar da wannan hadisin daga Zaid bin Arqam daga hayoyi guda biyu ingantattu bisa sharuddan shaihunan biyu (Bukhari da Muslim), ya ce: “Lokacin da Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya dawo daga Hajjin bankwana ya sauka a Ghadir Khum, sai ya yi umarni da a kafa runfuna sai aka karkafa su, sai ya ce: Kamar inajin an kirani ni ne, kuma na amsa, lallale ni na bar muku wasu abubuwa guda biyu masu nauyi, daya daga cikinsu shi ne mafi girma.” Akan dayan, Littafin Allah Ta’ala da zuriyata, to, ku duba kuga yadda za ku gaje ni a cikinsu, domin ba za su rabu ba har sai sun zo mini a bakin Tafki, sai ya ce: “Allah Ta’ala shi ne majiɓincina (shugabana), kuma Ni ne shugaban kowane mumini, sannan ya ya rike tare da daga hannun Ali yace: dukkan wanda ni ne shugabansa to Ali shine shugabansa ya ka jibinci wanda ya shugabantar da shi ka ki wanda ya ki shi” (3).

4 – Kamar yadda Muslim ya fitar da wannan hadisi a cikin sahihinsa, bisa dangana shi ga Zaidu bin Arqam, amma sai ya gajarce shi ya ce: Watarana Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ya yi tsayu cikinmu yana mai mana jawabi a wani ruwa da ake kira Khum da ke tsakanin Makka da Madina, sai yayi godiya ga Allah yayi wa’azi ya tunatar bayan haka yace: ya ku mutane, ni mutum wanda gab nake da da dan aiken Ubangijina ya zo min, in amsa masa, don haka zan bar muku wasu abubuwa guda biyu masu nauyi na farkonsu shine littafin Allah wanda a cikinsa akwai shiriya da haske, sai ku riki littafin Allah ku yi riko da shi, sai ya zaburantar akan littafin Allah da kwadaitar da shi, sannan ya ce: “Da kuma Iyalan gidana ina tunatar da ku Allah game da Iyalan gidana, ina tunatar da ku da Allah game da Iyalan gidana ina tunatar da ku da Allah game da Iyalan gidana..." (4).

5 – Kamar yadda Imam Ahmad shima ya fitar da shi daga hanyar Al-Bara’u bin Azib ta hanyoyi biyu, ya ce: “Mun kasance tare da Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), sai muka sauka a Ghadir Khum, sai aka yi kiran sallah cikinmu zuwa sallar Jam’i tare, muka sharewa Manzon Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) qarqashin bishiya biyu, sai ya yi sallar azahar ya kama hannun Ali (a.s) ya ce: “Shin, ba ku san cewa ni ne mafi cancantar muminai fiye da kansu ba?” Suka ce: “Na’am hakane!” Ya ce: “Ashe, ba ku sani ba cewa ni ne mafi cancanta ga kowane mumini fiye da kansa? Sai suka ce: “Na’am tabbas, sai yace: dukkan wanda na zamo nine shugabansa to Ali shugabansa ne, Ya Allah ka jibinci wanda ya shugabnatar da shi ka ki wanda ya ki shi: sai Bara’au yace: sai Umar ya hadu da shi bayan hakan sai ya ce da shi: “Ina tayaka murna Ya kai dan Abi Talib, ka wayi gari ka yini kana mai kasancewa shugaban dukkan muminai Maza da Mata” (5).

A taqaice dai, fitattun Ahlus-Sunnah sun ruwaito hadisin Ghadeer fiye da wadanda muka ambata a cikin littattafansu, daga cikinsu akwai: Al-Tirmizi, Ibn Majah, Ibn Asakir, Abi Naim, Ibn Al-Atheer, Al-Khwarizmi. , Al-Suyuti, Ibn Hajar, Al-Haythami, Ibn Al-Sabbagh Al-Maliki, Al-Qandouzi Al-Hanafi, Ibn Al-Maghazili, Ibn Katheer, da Al-Hamwini. Al-Haskany, Al-Ghazali, da Al-Bukhari a cikin littafin tarihinsa dukansu sun ruwaito Hadisin Ghadeer kuma sun sanya shi a cikin littafansu bisa banbance banbamcen matsayansu da mazhabobi daban-daban tun daga karni na farko na Hijira har zuwa karni na sha hudu, kuma adadinsu ya haura malamai dari uku da sittin.

Majingina:

1 - Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 372.

2-Al-Khasa’is na Nisa’i, shafi na 150.

3 - Al-Hakim Al-Mustadrak, juzu'i na 3, shafi na 109.

4- Sahih Muslim, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 1873, kuma Imam Ahmad da Tirmizi da Ibn Asaker da sauransu sun ruwaito hadisin.

5- Musnad Ahmad bin Hanbal, juzu'i na 4, shafi na 281, Kanzul Ummal, juzu'i na 13, shafi na 133, Falala biyar na Sihah shida, juzu'i na 1, shafi na 350.

6-Littafin Ma’as Sadikeen shafi na 93.